Keratoconus Unveiled: A Closer Look at this Eye Condition

The eye is an incredibly complex organ. It performs the critical task of providing us with vision, but like any part of the body, it is susceptible to various conditions and diseases. One of these conditions is keratoconus, a relatively unknown but increasingly prevalent eye disorder.

 

What is Keratoconus?

Keratoconus is an eye condition in which the cornea, the clear, dome-shaped tissue covering the front of the eye, thins and gradually bulges outward into a cone shape. This distortion leads to progressive nearsightedness and irregular astigmatism, causing distorted and blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and multiple images.

It's important to note that keratoconus affects everyone differently. While some people may experience only mild vision problems, others may have significant vision impairment. Additionally, keratoconus typically develops in the early teenage years and progresses until the mid to late 30s.

Causes of Keratoconus

When it comes to the causes of keratoconus, the exact cause is still unknown. However, research suggests that a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors play a role. Some studies indicate that keratoconus is more common in people with a family history of the condition, suggesting a genetic link.

Environmental factors such as excessive eye rubbing and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun may also contribute to the development of keratoconus. Hormonal changes during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause may also influence the onset and progression of the condition. It's important to remember that these causes are not definitive, and more research is needed to fully understand the complex interplay of factors leading to keratoconus.

Common Symptoms of Keratoconus

Like other eye conditions, keratoconus has a range of symptoms that can vary in severity from person to person. The most common symptom is a gradual deterioration of vision, which can result in nearsightedness and irregular astigmatism. This may lead to distorted and blurred vision, making daily tasks like reading or driving difficult.

Individuals with keratoconus may also experience increased light sensitivity, eye strain, headaches, and eye irritation. Some people may also notice that their eye prescription changes frequently. While these symptoms may seem general, they can significantly impact a person's quality of life and should not be ignored.

Understanding the Diagnosis Process

Diagnosing keratoconus involves a comprehensive eye exam. The exam may include tests to measure corneal curvature, eye pressure, and vision clarity. A key test is corneal topography, which creates a detailed map of the curve of the cornea. This test can help detect early signs of keratoconus, even before symptoms appear.

In addition to these tests, your eye doctor may ask about your medical history and any family history of eye disorders. While diagnosis can be challenging due to the gradual progression of the disease and its similarity to other eye conditions, early detection is vital for effective management and treatment.

Treatment Options for Keratoconus

The treatment for keratoconus depends on the severity of the condition and how quickly it is progressing. In the early stages, vision problems can often be corrected with glasses or soft contact lenses. As the disease progresses, rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses may be required to correct the irregular shape of the cornea.

Navigating Keratoconus Effectively 

From recognizing what it is and its causes, to identifying its symptoms and navigating the diagnosis process, and finally exploring the various treatment options, understanding keratoconus is crucial for those affected by it. Early detection and treatment are key, so make sure to have regular eye exams and consult with your eye care professional if you notice any changes in your vision.

To learn more on the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for keratoconus, visit Okaloosa Eye Care at our office in Crestview, Florida. Call (850) 608-0003 to schedule an appointment today.